Materi Pelajaran Alat Mesin Pertanian SMK/MAK Kelas 10 Kurikulum 2013 Semester 1 Lengkap
Sahabat Edukasi yang berbahagia... Berikut materi pelajaran Alat Mesin Pertanian Kelas X SMK/MAK Kurikulum 2013 Semester I sebagai berikut:
I. PENDAHULUAN
A. Deskripsi
1. Agricultural Engineering............................................................................................................ 3
2. Agricultural Mechanization atau Farm Mechanization .................................................. 4
B. Prasyarat
C. Petunjuk Penggunaan
D. Tujuan Akhir Pembelajaran ........................................................................................................... 7
E. Kompetensi Inti dan Kompetensi Dasar .................................................................................... 7
F. Cek Kemampuan Awal
II. PEMBELAJARAN
Kegiatan Pembelajaran 1. Identifikasi jenis alat dan mesin produksi pertanian, laboratorium, klimatologi, penyimpanan dan prosesing. ........................................................ 10
A. Deskripsi
B. Kegiatan Pembelajaran ................................................................................................................. 13
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran ............................................................................................................... 13
2. Uraian materi .............................................................................................................................. 13
3. Refleksi.........................................................................................................................................150
4. Tugas.............................................................................................................................................151
5. Tes Formatif ...............................................................................................................................153
C. Penilaian
Kegiatan Pembelajaran 2. Fungsi bagian-bagian alat dan mesin produksi pertanian, laboratorium, klimatologi, penyimpanan dan prosesing
A. Deskripsi
B. Kegiatan Pembelajaran ...............................................................................................................156
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran .............................................................................................................156
2. Uraian Materi.............................................................................................................................156
3. Refleksi.........................................................................................................................................270
4. Tugas.............................................................................................................................................271
5. Tes Formatif ...............................................................................................................................273
C. Penilaian
Kegiatan Pembelajaran 3 : Prinsip dan prosedur kerja alat dan mesin produksi pertanian, laboratorium, klimatologi, penyimpanan dan prosesing .................................276
A. Deskripsi
B. Kegiatan Pembelajaran ...............................................................................................................277
1. Tujuan Pembelajaran .............................................................................................................277
2. Uraian materi ............................................................................................................................277
Gabah hendaknya sudah betul-betul dengan kadar air 20-22%(maksimum). Gabah akan hancur/pecah jika kadar airnya lebih besar. ...................................................................301
3. Refleksi.........................................................................................................................................318
4. Tugas.............................................................................................................................................319
5. Tes Formatif ...............................................................................................................................321
C. Penilaian
III. PENUTUP
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1. Sistem Produksi Pertanian ............................................................................................ 10
Gambar 2. Proses Produksi Pertanian dan Prosesingnya ....................................................... 11
Gambar 3. Klasifikasi Motor Listrik. ................................................................................................ 15
Gambar 4. Motor DC
Gambar 5. MotorSinkron. .................................................................................................................... 19
Gambar 6. MotorInduksi.
Gambar 7. Motor Bakar bensin 4 langkah (kiri) motor diesel 4 langkah (kanan) ........ 23
Gambar 8. Pandangan samping dan atas traktor beroda tunggal ........................................ 27
Gambar 9. Traktor Beroda Dua (hand tractor) ........................................................................... 28
Gambar 10. Pandangan samping dan atas traktor beroda dua ............................................. 28
Gambar 11. Mini Traktor ..................................................................................................................... 29
Gambar 12. Traktor Besar (Farm Traktor) ................................................................................... 30
Gambar 13. Traktor Standar Roda Ganda ..................................................................................... 30
Gambar 14. Traktor Sistem Fergusen ............................................................................................. 31
Gambar 15. Traktor Portal .................................................................................................................. 32
Gambar 16. Traktor Lereng (tampak depan dan tampak atas) ............................................ 32
Gambar 17. Bajak Singkal satu arah ................................................................................................ 35
Gambar 18. Bajak Singkal Dua Arah (empat singkal) ............................................................... 36
Gambar 19. Bajak singkal ditarik traktor besar (16 singkal) ................................................ 37
Gambar 20. Bajak Piring (Dua Piringan) ....................................................................................... 37
Gambar 21. Bajak Piring (Empat Piringan) .................................................................................. 38
Gambar 22. Bajak Rotary Traktor Besar Empat Roda .............................................................. 39
Gambar 23. Bajak Rotary Hand Traktor Roda Dua .................................................................... 39
Gambar 24. Bajak Rotary Traktor Roda dua (kiri) Roda Empat (kanan) ......................... 40
Gambar 25. Garu Sisir Untuk Lahan Kering .................................................................................. 40
Gambar 26. Garu Piring (Disc Harrow) Tepi Bergelombang .................................................. 41
Gambar 27. Garu Piring Tepi Rata
Gambar 28. Alat Penanam Sistem Baris Lebar ............................................................................ 43
Gambar 29. Alat Penanam Sistem Baris Sempit ......................................................................... 44
Gambar 30. Alat Penanam Sistem Baris Sebar ............................................................................ 45
Gambar 31. Alat Penyebar Rabuk (Pupuk kandang) ................................................................ 47
Gambar 32. Alat Penyebar Pupuk (Broad cast – Applicator) ................................................. 48
Gambar 33. Alat penyebar pupuk cair dan gas ........................................................................... 49
Gambar 34. Bambu Runcing Pendek ............................................................................................... 53
Gambar 35. Alat Penyiang Tajak ....................................................................................................... 54
Gambar 36. Alat Penyiang Kored ...................................................................................................... 54
Gambar 37. Beberapa Garpu dan Sekop Kecil Pendek ............................................................. 55
Gambar 38. Garpu Gagang Panjang ................................................................................................. 56
Gambar 39. Cangkul alat penyiangan ............................................................................................. 56
Gambar 40. Landak Lahan Kering .................................................................................................... 57
Gambar 41. Garu Berbentuk Sisir ..................................................................................................... 58
Gambar 42. Kultivator yang dipasang di bagian tengah .......................................................... 59
Gambar 43. Kultivator 4 baris ............................................................................................................ 60
Gambar 44. Kultivator yang digandengkan pada bagian tengah dan belakang ............ 61
Gambar 45. Kultivator Lister 8 Baris .............................................................................................. 61
Gambar 46. Kultivator Landak........................................................................................................... 62
Gambar 47. Sprayer otomatis (kiri) - sprayer semi otomatis (kanan) .............................. 67
Gambar 48. Alat semprot jenis Atamozer ..................................................................................... 68
Gambar 49. Alat penyemprot jenis udara bertekanan ............................................................. 69
Gambar 50. Alat Penyemprot Jenis Gendong (knapsack)........................................................ 70
Gambar 51. Alat Penyemprot Sistem Hidrolik ............................................................................ 70
Gambar 52. Alat Penghembus Ditarik Hewan ............................................................................. 71
Gambar 53. Alat penghembus bermesin sendiri yang ditarik kuda .................................... 72
Gambar 54. Alat penghembus dengan tenaga PTO traktor .................................................... 73
Gambar 55. Skema kerja alat penghembus bertenaga motor sendiri atau dari PTO traktor
Gambar 56. Pompa Plunyer
Gambar 57. Pompa Torak
Gambar 58. Pompa Sentrifugal .......................................................................................................... 77
Gambar 59. Alat Ketam Padi (Reaper) ............................................................................................ 79
Gambar 60. Mesin Tuai dan Pengikat (Binder) ........................................................................... 80
Gambar 61. Alat Panen “Mini Combine” ......................................................................................... 81
Gambar 62. Mesin Panen Padi “Combine” ..................................................................................... 82
Gambar 63. Mesin Pengering Biji “Grain Dryer” ................................................................. 84
Gambar 64. Alat pengering biji-bijian model “sangrai” .......................................................... 86
Gambar 65. Paddy Threshertenaga manual ............................................................................ 88
Gambar 66. Paddy Thresherdengan tenaga mesin ............................................................. 89
Gambar 67. Alat pengupas gabah (Huller) ................................................................................ 91
Gambar 68. Pegas Setelan Rol Karet ........................................................................................... 95
Gambar 69. Mesin Penyosoh Tipe Gesekan ..............................................................................100
Gambar 70. Penyosoh tanpa tekanan angin (Engelberg).................................................101
Gambar 71. Mesin penyosoh beras tipe silinder ..................................................................102
Gambar 72. Oven listrik
Gambar 73. Moisture Tester-OHAUS ..............................................................................................106
Gambar 74. Analitical Ballance-OHAUS .......................................................................................107
Gambar 75. Mikroskop Binokuler ..................................................................................................108
Gambar 76. Mikroskop Cahaya ........................................................................................................109
Gambar 77. Mikroskop Stereo .........................................................................................................111
Gambar 78. Mikroskop Elektron .....................................................................................................112
Gambar 79. Mikroskop Ultraviolet.................................................................................................113
Gambar 80. Inkubator
Gambar 81. “Laminar air flow” .......................................................................................................120
Gambar 82. Beberapa Macam Ukuran Erlenmeyer .................................................................122
Gambar 83. Autoklaf
Gambar 84. Cawan petris / Petridish ............................................................................................125
Gambar 85. Gelas Ukur Dalam Berbagai Ukuran Volume .....................................................126
Gambar 86. Shaker(penggojok)
Gambar 87. Neraca Analisis ..............................................................................................................128
Gambar 88. Anemometer tiga mangkok ......................................................................................135
Gambar 89. Campbel Stokes .............................................................................................................138
Gambar 90. Psychrometer Bola Basah Dan Bola Kering .......................................................142
Gambar 91. Thermometer Maksimum ........................................................................................143
Gambar 92. Thermometer Minimum ............................................................................................144
Gambar 93. Thermohygrograph .....................................................................................................145
Gambar 94. Actinograph ....................................................................................................................145
Gambar 95. Barometer
Gambar 96. Penakar hujan jenis hellman ....................................................................................147
Gambar 97. Evaporimeter Panci Terbuka ...................................................................................148
Gambar 98. Thermometer Apung ...................................................................................................149
Gambar 99. Tutup Kepala Silinder ( Cylinder Head Cover ) ..................................................157
Gambar 100. Kepala Silinder ( Cylinder Head ) .........................................................................158
Gambar 101. Blok Silinder ( Cylinder Block ) .............................................................................159
Gambar 102. Torak dan kelengkapannya ...................................................................................164
Gambar 103. Batang torak ( Connecting Rod ) ...........................................................................166
Gambar 104. Pena Torak ( Piston Pin ) .........................................................................................166
Gambar 105. Poros engkol ( Crank Shaft ) ..................................................................................167
Gambar 106. Fly wheel (roda penerus) .......................................................................................168
Gambar 107. Mekanisme Katup ......................................................................................................169
Gambar 108. Karburator dan sistem aliran bahan bakar .....................................................171
Gambar 109. Pompa Injeksi (pada motor diesel) ....................................................................172
Gambar 110. Sistem Pelumasan pada Motor Bensin ..............................................................174
Gambar 111. Sistem pelumasan pada motor diesel ................................................................175
Gambar 112. Motor Diesel dengan pendingin sistem hopper .............................................177
Gambar 113. Motor dengan sistem pendingin radiator ........................................................178
Gambar 114. Sistem Pengapian (Motor Bensin) ......................................................................179
Gambar 115. Bagian-bagian motor diesel satu silinder tipe horizontal ..........................180
Gambar 116. Sistem bahan bakar motor diesel ..........................................................
Gambar 117. Kopling tipe pelat tunggal ......................................................................................192
Gambar 118. As PTO
Gambar 119. Drawbar
Gambar 120. Three point hitch .......................................................................................................195
Gambar 121. Alat-alat kontrol .........................................................................................................195
Gambar 122. Kunci kontak ................................................................................................................197
Gambar 123. Saklar lampu ................................................................................................................197
Gambar 124. Lampu penunjuk ........................................................................................................198
Gambar 125. Bak Persneling ............................................................................................................199
Gambar 126. Tuas PTO
Gambar 127. Pedal pengunci garden ............................................................................................201
Gambar 128. Tuas hidrolik ................................................................................................................201
Gambar 129. Pedang kopling ...........................................................................................................202
Gambar 130. Pedal Rem
Gambar 131. Tuas penggerak roda depan ..................................................................................204
Gambar 132. Pedal Gas Kaki
Gambar 133. Indikator dan saklar pada dashboard ................................................................206
Gambar 134. Kunci kontak ................................................................................................................206
Gambar 135. Tachometer ..................................................................................................................208
Gambar 136. Tuas gas
Gambar 137. Posisi tuas kecepatan ...............................................................................................209
Gambar 138. Tuas PTO
Gambar 139. Pedal kopling ...............................................................................................................210
Gambar 140. Pedal Rem (kiri dan kanan)) .................................................................................211
Gambar 141. Bagian-bagian bajak singkal ..................................................................................213
Gambar 142. Bagian-bagian Bajak Piringan ...............................................................................215
Gambar 143. Bajak rotari tipe tarik berpenggerak PTO ........................................................217
Gambar 144. Garu Piringan ..............................................................................................................220
Gambar 145. Bagian-bagian pompa torak ..................................................................................230
Gambar 146. Manset
Gambar 147. Gelang torak dan cara pemasanganya ...............................................................232
Gambar 148. Torak dengan perapat labirin ...............................................................................232
Gambar 149. Bagian-bagian pompa sentrifugal .......................................................................235
Gambar 150. Bagian-bagian alat panen padi (Binder) ...........................................................238
Gambar 151. Bagian-bagian alat panen padi (Combine) .......................................................242
Gambar 152. Bagian-bagian Mikroskop .......................................................................................250
Gambar 153. Bagian dan Proses Kerja Laminar .......................................................................253
Gambar 154. Bagian-bagian Autoklaf ...........................................................................................255
Gambar 155. Neraca Analitik ...........................................................................................................259
Gambar 156. Bagian-bagian Anemometer ..................................................................................261
Gambar 157. Bagian-bagian Alat Penakar Hujan (Hellman) ...............................................264
Gambar 158. Thermometer air raksa ...........................................................................................265
Gambar 159. Panci Bundar Besar ...................................................................................................268
Gambar 160. Hook Gauge
Gambar 161. Still Well
Gambar 162. Langkah-langkah Pada Motor 4 Tak ...................................................................281
Gambar 163. Langkah-langkah motor 2 tak ...............................................................................282
Gambar 164. Salah Satu Jenis Motor Bakar 4 Tak ....................................................................284
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